Certain plants can exist and survive anywhere no matter what type of climate or environment it may be. Some varieties thrive in the cold and rainy places and some flourish even in the hot and desert regions. These wonderful plants are also crucial for protection of the environment though they may appear quite insignificant. The seeds of these plants, known as orchids, are very light and tiny so that they can float easily in mid-air travelling for distance up to 1200 kilometres and beyond. Some seeds might get stuck in the trees, branches or in the jungle crevices and in course of time grow like air plants. They absorb moisture from the surroundings or from rain although they can survive for long periods without water. The bark of trees on which they grow or decayed leaves supply the minerals they need. Interestingly, one can find orchids growing in sand dunes or very hot places, in marshes and swamps, on rocks or dry soil, on loamy soil or wet places. A few are found to grow underground though they may be deprived of sunlight. Wherever they are, orchids manufacture their own food from the decay of wood or leaves or waste material. If they do not get enough nutrients they seem to die down and so shed their leaves but revive as soon as they manage to get some food, however little it might be. Some varieties of rough-looking orchids that flourish on the ground prevent soil erosion and fertilise the earth.
Shape of orchids varies from simple, ordinary appearance to extraordinary that may look like insects, birds, small animals or even parts of the human body. Many of the shapes and colours have been designed by nature so as to facilitate the process of pollination by insects and birds. Orchids also vary in size from a few inches in diameter to many feet. They emit a peculiar smell in order to attract insects and birds which are instrumental for pollination occurring mostly during daytime. A few varieties, however, give out sweet fragrance and perfumes at daytime as well as at night-time. Some scientists estimate that there are about 10,000 kinds of orchids whereas others say 20,000 or 30,000 or even 40,000. Researchers have discovered more and more species at different periods of time. The ancient Aztec Indians of Mexico knew the art of preparing cacao beverage, their favourite drink which gave them energy and strength, from orchids. Till today, the indigenous population preserve the formula of making their brand product. One of the orchid species called flor de mayo is the national flower of Venezuela.
Orchids are priceless plants that preserve the environment and beautify household compounds. People of the state, especially villagers, should be made aware so that they need not unnecessarily sell them at throwaway prices. More than 60 years ago, a French scientist succeeded in producing clone orchids of good quality, followed by other researchers who could produce more and better hybrid varieties and so the process of tissue culture was developed.